Monday, May 11, 2020
Summary Of Looking For Alibrandi By Goria Steinem
ââ¬Å"A gender-equal society would be one where the word ââ¬Å"genderâ⬠does not exist: where everyone can be themselves. ââ¬Å"said by Goria Steinem. I disagree with Steinemââ¬â¢s statement in relation to gender equality in contemporary Australia. In this essay, three arguments would be addressed, which directly referred to Melina Marchettaââ¬â¢s 1992 novel, Looking for Alibrandi that enacted a story of a teenage girl who had to face difficulties in the society and fight with the original Australians as she was an illegitimate girl. Therefore, from my perspective, I will discuss this topic in order of gender discrimination, the fairness of gender controbility and gender limitation. Firstly, it is not without the word gender that we can be equal, but is ourâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The results showed that 98% of respondents thought they were unfairly treated in schools and families. Keira Wright, 17, said that when she was a little girl, Wright began to worry about her own safety. She said ââ¬Å"she cannot go out at some point or walk somewhere where some male friends can go. She cannot wear special clothes, because people will judge her. Wright said, It s normal for people to comment on the girls dress in the car, but nobody s going to evaluate the boy s clothes. When related to Melina Marchetta s 1992 novels, Looking for Alibrandi, there are a great number of details that shows the inequality of men and women. Katia do not want to follow Francesco to live in Australia, but she had to come over. Visible, women comply with men s needs; there is no right to choose. And on the way, she was not allowed to speak to men, and was not allowed to share a meal wi th men at a table (P 201). Thirdly, gender equity only means that there is no discrimination in the society in case of power, achievement and mistreatment will not be accepted in the society. However, in my perspective, women limitation is certainly not in line with social order, especially in contemporary Australia. For example, divorced women cannot marry again. Unmarried women cannot go out with men, or have sex with men. The book even says, Italy
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Group Work Example
Essays on Group Work Coursework Group work Group May 21, Group work Deviance involves contrary behaviors of attitudes to social norms. Positive deviance, whilecontrary to norms, has beneficial effects. Altruism is an example of positive deviance and illustrates Self-Control theory. It defines the belief or action that is selfless to the actor and aims at benefiting another person. Even though social norms expect loyalty among people, this is achieved after considering individualââ¬â¢s fundamental interest. A party that is loyal to another considers interest of the other party and tries to correct selfless initiative for mutual benefits. Under altruism, however, a person deviates from this norm and risks personal interest in order to benefit another. A risky rescue mission illustrates this and is positive because despite the involved risk, the result is preserved life. Cooperation is another example of positive deviance and is contrary to the norm of participation. Under participation, every party is expected to execute individual responsibility that can then be accumulated to group responsibility. Cooperation, especially understood in the concept of helping people or responding to peopleââ¬â¢s requests, explains a deviation from the expected individual responsibility in group-work to a team work set up. A cooperative person may therefore sacrifice and assume additional responsibilities for overall success of a group (Spencer, 2014).Only instantaneous and progressive cultural, economic, and political issues should be taken into consideration because positive deviance operates against norms. Some past or existing cultural, economic, and social issues may therefore be contrary to a positive deviance. Poverty, as an economic need, and political crisis are examples of the issues that can be considered into positive deviance. ReferenceSpencer, J. (2014). Contexts of deviance: Statuses, institutions, and interactions. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
A Synopsis of the Movie Twilight New Moon Free Essays
Twilight: New Moon *Mise*-en-scene Title: Twilight: New Moon Year: 2009 Director: Chris Weitz Writers: Stephanie Meyer (novelist) and Melissa Rosenburg (screenplay) Actors/Actresses: Robert Pattinson-Edward Cullen, Kristen Stewart-Bella Swan, Taylor Lautner-Jacob Black, Ashley Greene-Alice Cullen Synopsis This movie is the sequel to Twilight, which was a major hit in 2008. In the first movie Bella Swan falls in love with a vampire. The vampire, Edward Cullen, is very protective of Bella and tries to keep her safe. We will write a custom essay sample on A Synopsis of the Movie Twilight: New Moon or any similar topic only for you Order Now In New Moon Edward feels that the only way to protect Bella is to break her heart so she wonââ¬â¢t follow him. However after Edward leaves Bella comes face to face with danger and the only protection she has is her long-time friend Jacob who she realizes is a werewolf. By the end of the movie Bella is torn between her love for the werewolf and the vampire. Analysis My focus is on scene nine where Bella is confronted by the Cullenââ¬â¢s vampire rival, LaRon. LaRonââ¬â¢s intent is to kill Bella now that Edward has left her defenseless. The scene is set in the meadow where Edward first appeared to Bella in his true form. When the sunlight shined on Edward his skin glistened like diamonds. At that time the meadow was beautiful, the grass was green, the flowers were in vibrant full bloom, and the sunlight shined down so bright. Now that Edward has left the meadow is dead, the grass has turned brown, all the flowers are gone, and the lighting is low and gloomy. I like to think of this as a metaphor to Bellaââ¬â¢s spirit how it was alive and vibrant with Edwardââ¬â¢s presence and is now dull and a part of her has died. Also you see her in a dangerous position being face to face with LaRon without Edward being there to protect her like before. Then Jacob appears in the scene in his werewolf form to protect Bella. However at this moment she does not realize it is Jacob. Here we are seeing Jacob in his true form appear to Bella just as Edward did for the first time and in the same location. It almost seems as though Jacob has taken on Edwardââ¬â¢s role in Bellaââ¬â¢s world. There is one shot where the rest of the wolf pack proceeds on to kill LaRon and Jacob stops and turns his focus to Bella for one moment and then moves on. At this moment Bella is mere feet away from this massive wolf but she stands there and looks back at the creature. The up-close shot of the wolfââ¬â¢s eye as he is gazing at Bella shows her reflection and you can feel his harmless nature. This is where it all came together for me and I thought Bella had pieced together the clues but I wasnââ¬â¢t until two scenes later that she realized it had been Jacob that rescued her. In one still frame the full shot conveyed danger, protection, love, and loss. This was a very well-organized scene and I think it worked well in the movie and added drama and thrill for the audience. How to cite A Synopsis of the Movie Twilight: New Moon, Papers
A Synopsis of the Movie Twilight New Moon Free Essays
Twilight: New Moon *Mise*-en-scene Title: Twilight: New Moon Year: 2009 Director: Chris Weitz Writers: Stephanie Meyer (novelist) and Melissa Rosenburg (screenplay) Actors/Actresses: Robert Pattinson-Edward Cullen, Kristen Stewart-Bella Swan, Taylor Lautner-Jacob Black, Ashley Greene-Alice Cullen Synopsis This movie is the sequel to Twilight, which was a major hit in 2008. In the first movie Bella Swan falls in love with a vampire. The vampire, Edward Cullen, is very protective of Bella and tries to keep her safe. We will write a custom essay sample on A Synopsis of the Movie Twilight: New Moon or any similar topic only for you Order Now In New Moon Edward feels that the only way to protect Bella is to break her heart so she wonââ¬â¢t follow him. However after Edward leaves Bella comes face to face with danger and the only protection she has is her long-time friend Jacob who she realizes is a werewolf. By the end of the movie Bella is torn between her love for the werewolf and the vampire. Analysis My focus is on scene nine where Bella is confronted by the Cullenââ¬â¢s vampire rival, LaRon. LaRonââ¬â¢s intent is to kill Bella now that Edward has left her defenseless. The scene is set in the meadow where Edward first appeared to Bella in his true form. When the sunlight shined on Edward his skin glistened like diamonds. At that time the meadow was beautiful, the grass was green, the flowers were in vibrant full bloom, and the sunlight shined down so bright. Now that Edward has left the meadow is dead, the grass has turned brown, all the flowers are gone, and the lighting is low and gloomy. I like to think of this as a metaphor to Bellaââ¬â¢s spirit how it was alive and vibrant with Edwardââ¬â¢s presence and is now dull and a part of her has died. Also you see her in a dangerous position being face to face with LaRon without Edward being there to protect her like before. Then Jacob appears in the scene in his werewolf form to protect Bella. However at this moment she does not realize it is Jacob. Here we are seeing Jacob in his true form appear to Bella just as Edward did for the first time and in the same location. It almost seems as though Jacob has taken on Edwardââ¬â¢s role in Bellaââ¬â¢s world. There is one shot where the rest of the wolf pack proceeds on to kill LaRon and Jacob stops and turns his focus to Bella for one moment and then moves on. At this moment Bella is mere feet away from this massive wolf but she stands there and looks back at the creature. The up-close shot of the wolfââ¬â¢s eye as he is gazing at Bella shows her reflection and you can feel his harmless nature. This is where it all came together for me and I thought Bella had pieced together the clues but I wasnââ¬â¢t until two scenes later that she realized it had been Jacob that rescued her. In one still frame the full shot conveyed danger, protection, love, and loss. This was a very well-organized scene and I think it worked well in the movie and added drama and thrill for the audience. How to cite A Synopsis of the Movie Twilight: New Moon, Papers
Are There Ciphers in Shakespeare Essay Example For Students
Are There Ciphers in Shakespeare? Essay Introductory Note: his is an introduction to an ingenious and creative cipher system to be found in the works of William Shakespeare. Here it is necessary to explain that cryptography is a very old technique. Even in antiquity the rule was, whenever the name of a place or person must be repeated in a message, it must always be misspelled. Therefore Baconquot;s name is never spelled correctly, and there are many alternate forms, but see the 25 letter solution to the dedication of the 1623 Folio which includes BEKAANBACON adjoining. Sometimes the name is preceded by F or FS, as he abbreviated his first name in his signature. Bacon was himself a cryptographer, if not a cryptanalyst as his brother Anthony was. Proofs by cryptanalysis, such as are shown here, do not depend upon comparing styles, or vocabulary counts, or literary opinions. If a cipher be found in such ancient works, and the name of the author is included, proof of authorship must be regarded as conclusive. The probable word attack is most useful in breaking a monoalphabetic cipher. A cryptanalyst, suspecting that the name Bacon might appear in the plaintext, can use that as a useful tool to solve a cipher. Thus, misspelling of this name, and in as many ways as possible, must be done in order to attempt to defeat a solution. Baconquot;s ciphers were steganographic, that is they were designed to be concealed. One artifice was to hide the signifigant letters in the capital letters of a verse or text. This type of cipher is called acrostic and it was a popular method in his day. It may be complicated by substitution. A substitution cipher is a very simple device. Substitute the letter B for the letter A, substitute C for B, substitue D for C and so on. It may be complicated by a key whereby the alphabet is reversed or scrambled, or altered in some other way. And the substitution may be more extreme such as G for A, H for B, I for C, etc. Baconquot;s way was not so simple. Bacon explains, by the use of the Dyersquot;s Hand metaphor in Sonnet 111, why his name except for one instance is always misspelled, but it still belongs to him. All of which brings us to a short article about Francis Bacon, William Shakespeare, and many examples of the name of the author hidden in the ciphertext. Penn Leary, July 1, 1995 Are there Ciphers in Shakespeare? Copyright 1993 By Penn Leary t is considered by some yet certainly not by all academicians that it is a lunacy to question the authorship of the Works of William Shakespeare a comical 1984 thought-crime, a preposterous and radical and specious view of the obvious, a conspicuous deviation from a normal and Politically Correct academic opinion. But Charles Dickens, a student of human nature, had this to say: The life of Shakespeare is a fine mystery, and I tremble every day lest something should turn up. Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote: As long as the question is of talent and mental power, the world of men has not his equal to show. . . The Egyptian verdict of the Shakespeare societies comes to mind that he was a jovial actor and manager. I cannot marry this fact to his verse. John Greenleaf Whittier said, Whether Bacon wrote the wonderful plays or not, I am quite sure the man Shakspere neither did nor could. James M. Barrie put it more whimsically: I know not, sir, whether Bacon wrote the works of Shakespeare, but if he did not it seems to me that he missed the opportunity of his lifetime. Samuel Taylor Coleridge said, Ask your own hearts, ask your own common sense, to conceive the possibility of the author of the Plays being the anomalous, the wild, the irregular genius of our daily criticism. What! are we to have miracles in sport? Does God choose idiots by whom to convey divine truths to man? And there yet remains a band of doubters. If someone else wrote the plays and poems, then who? Let us consult a calendar of years: |-Publication of the Plays| 1560 1570 1580 1590| 1600 1610 1620 | 1626 The Reign of Queen Elizabeth I 1558-1603 Edward De Vere, Earl of Oxford 1550-1604 Christopher Marlowe 1564-1593 William Shaksper, of Stratford 1564-1616 Francis Bacon 1561-1626The 1623 edition of the First Folio contained twenty new plays. At that time Shakespeare had been dead for seven years, Edward De Vere for nineteen and Christopher Marlowe for thirty. Only Francis Bacon survived the 1623 publication. This is hardly enough to credit the authorship to Bacon, but it arouses skepticism upon the claims of the other three leading contenders. There is also considerable doubt about the facts of Shakespearequot;s own life. Let us read what Mark Twain had to say about that From Is Shakespeare Dead? 1909: He was born on the 23rd of April, 1564. Of good farmer-class parents who could not read, could not write, could not sign their names. At Stratford, a small back settlement which in that day was shabby and unclean, and densely illiterate. Of the nineteen important men charged with the government of the town, thirteen had to make their mark in attesting important documents, because they could not write their names. Of the first eighteen years of his life nothing is known. They are a blank. On the 27th of November 1582 William Shakespeare took out a license to marry Anne Whateley. Next day William Shakespeare took out a license to marry Anne Hathaway. She was eight years his senior. William Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway. In a hurry. By grace of a reluctantly granted dispensation there was but one publication of the banns. Within six months the first child was born. About two blank years followed, during which period nothing at all happened to Shakespeare, so far as anybody knows. Then came twins1585. February. Two blank years follow. Then1587he makes a ten-year visit to London, leaving the family behind. Five blank years follow. During this period nothing happened to him, as far as anybody actually knows. Then1592there is mention of him as an actor. Next year1593his name appears in the official list of players. Next year1594he played before the queen. A detail of no consequence: other obscurities did it every year of the forty-five of her reign. And remained obscure. Three pretty full years follow. Full of play-acting. Then. In 1597 he bought New Place, Stratford. Thirteen or fourteen busy years follow; years in which he accumulated money, and also reputation as actor and manager. Meantime his name, liberally and variously spelt, had become associated with a number of great plays and poems, as ostensibly author of the same. Some of these, in these years and later, were pirated, but he made no protest. Then1610-11he returned to Stratford and settled down for good and all, and busied himself in lending money, trading in tithes, trading in land and houses; shirking a debt of forty-one shillings, borrowed by his wife during his long desertion of his family; suing debtors for shillings and coppers; being sued himself for shillings and coppers; and acting as a confederate to a neighbor who tried to rob the town of its rights in a certain common, and did not succeed. He lived five or six yearstill 1616in the joy of these elevated pursuits. . . Musee Des Beaux Arts EssayPerhaps they are unaware of these quotations collected by Mrs. Henry Pott Francis Bacon and his Secret Society, Schulte Co. , Chicago 1891: It is he that filled up all numbers , and performed that which may be compared or preferred to insolent Greece or haughty Rome Ben Jonson. His Lordship was a good poet, but concealed, as appears by his letters John Aubrey. The author of The Great Assises Holden in Parnassus ranks Lord Verulam next to Apollo . The poetic faculty was strong in Baconquot;s mind. No imagination was ever at once so strong and so subjugated. In truth, much of Baconquot;s life was passed in a visionary world. . . magnificent day-dreams. . . analogies of all sorts Macauley. Few poets deal in finer imagery than is to be found in Bacon. . . His prose is poetry Campbell. The varieties and sprightliness of Baconquot;s imagination, an imagination piercing almost into futurity, conjectures improving even to prophecy. . . The greatest felicity of expression and the most splendid imagery Basil Montagu. The Wisdom of the Ancients. . . a kind of parabolical beauty. . . To the Advancement of Learning he brings every species of poetry by which the imagination can elevate the mind from the dungeon of the body to the enjoying of its own essence. . . Metaphors, similitudes and analogies make up a great part of his reasoning. . . Ingenuity, poetic fancy, and the highest imagination and fertility cannot be denied him Craik. The creative fancy of a Dante or Milton never called up more gorgeous images than those suggested by Bacon, and we question much whether their worlds surpass his in affording scope for the imagination. His extended over all time. His mind brooded over all nature. . . unfolding to the gaze of the spectator the order of the universe as exhibited to angelic intelligences Devey. The tendency of Bacon to see analogies is characteristic of him, the result of that mind not truly philosophic but truly poetic, which will find similitudes everywhere in heaven and earth Dr. Abbott. I infer from this sample that Bacon had all the natural faculties which a poet wants: a fine ear for metre, a fine feeling for imaginative effect in words, and a vein of poetic passion. . . The truth is that Bacon was not without the fine phrensy of a poet Spedding. Sir Tobie Matthew, writing to his friend Francis Bacon in 1618, states: The most prodigious wit that ever I knew of my nation, and of this side of the sea, is of your Lordshipquot;s name, though he be known by another. In the Scourge of Folly, John Davies of Hereford 1565-1618 wrote this epigram: To the Royall Ingenious and All-learned Knight Sr Francis Bacon Thy bounty and the Beauty of thy Witt Comprisquot;d in Lists of Law and the learned Arts, Each making thee for great Imployment fitt, Which now thou hast, though short of thy deserts Compells my pen to let fall shining Inke And to bedew the Baies that deck thy Front ; And to thy health in Helicon to drinke As to her Bellamour the Muse is wont; For thou dost h er embozom; and dost vse Her company for sport twixt graue affaires. So vtterquot;st Law the liuelyer through the Muse . And for that all thy Notes are sweetest Aires ; My Muse thus notes thy worth in evquot;ry Line. With ynke which thus she sugers; so, to shine. Thus John Davies in 1610 states plainly that Francis Bacon was a poet and that he had woven into his works spirited illustrations of the law. John Davies was the same man to whom Bacon had written a letter which concluded, so desiring you to be good to concealed poets. Francis Bacon had a great respect and affection for poetry; here are his words: Poesy cheereth and refreshes the soule; chanting things rare, and various, and full of vicissitudes. So as Poesy serveth and conferreth to Delectation, Magnaminity, and Morality; and therefore it may seem deservedly to have some Participation of Divinenesse, becauwse it doth raise the mind, and exalt the spirit with high raptures, by proportioning the shewes of things to the desires of the mind; and not submitting the mind to things, as Reason and History doe. Why might Bacon have concealed his creations? George Puttenham in The Arte of English Poesie 1589 wrote, I know many notable Gentlemen in the Court that have written commendably, and suppressed it agayne, or else suffered it to be publisht without their owne names to it, as if it were a discredit for a Gentleman to seem learned, and to shew himself amorous of any learned Art. In addition, the Plays were written during a very dangerous period. The airing of some political doctrine might offend a royal sensibility, and death or mutilation was the penalty. In 1591 Greene, in his Farewell to Folly, sneers at the practice of concealing the authorship of plays under other names. Others, he says, if they come to write or publish anything in print, which for their calling and gravity being loth to have any profane pamphlets pass under their hands, get some other to set his name to their verses. And he that cannot write true English without the aid of clerks of parish churches will needs make himself the father of interludes. What did Baconquot;s contemporaries think of his poetic talents? Here is a statement made by Edmund Howes in 1615: Our moderne, and present excellent poets which worthely florish in their owne workes, and all of them in my owne knowledge lived togeather in this Queenes raigne, according to their priorities as neere as I could, I have orderly set downe viz George Gascoigne, Thomas Churchyard, Edward Dyer, Edmond Spencer, Philip Sidney, John Harrington, Thomas Challoner, Frauncis Bacon, John Davie, Iohn Lillie, George Chapman, W. Warner, Willi Shakespeare, Samuell Daniell, Michaell Draiton, Christopher Marlo, Benjamine Johnson, Iohn Marston, Abraham Frauncis, Frauncis Meers, Joshua Siluester, Thomas Deckers, John Flecher, John Webster, Thomas Heywood, Thomas Middleton, George Withers. Thus did Edmund Howes rank Frauncis Bacon with Shakespeare among these twenty-seven contemporary excellent Poets. He put him six names ahead of Willi. Edmust Howes was not alone among Baconquot;s contemporaries to acknowledge his poetic capability. John Stowe 1525-1605 collected manuscripts and books. He published and edited many works, particularly The Chronicles. In a 1615 edition he enumerated twenty-four of Our modern and excellent poets which worthely flourish in their own workes in the Queenquot;s reign. Amongst them he listed: Edmond Spencer, Esq. ; Sir Philip Sidney, Knight; Sir Francis Bacon, Knight; Maister George Chapman, Gentleman; Mr. William Shakespeare, Gentleman; Michael Draiton, Esquire, and Mr. Benjamin Johnson, Gentleman. Bacon spoke of himself and was spoken of by others as a concealed poet. In 1600 Bacon received a visit from Queen Elizabeth at his lodge at Twickenham. At which time, he says, I had, though I profess not to be a poet, prepared a sonnet directly tending and alluding to draw on her Majestyquot;s reconcilement to my Lord .
Thursday, April 30, 2020
Latent Defect Essay Example
Latent Defect Paper Mike Christensen December 10, 2009 CM 385: Section 1 Final Paper How Can A Contractor Avoid Liability for Defective Work? Every contract created produces a margin of risk and a platform for success. Depending on how one manages the risk assumed, one may either excel and shine in the glory of success or drown and disappear in the raging waters of error. Nevertheless, to become great one must take that step of faith into the flailing wind. As said by Leo F. Buscalglia, ââ¬Å"The person who risks nothing ââ¬â does nothing, has nothing, is nothing, and becomes nothing. He may avoid suffering and sorrow, but he simply cannot learnâ⬠¦ and growâ⬠¦ and live. â⬠(Buscalglia, 2009) The contractor who is bound to the owner must understand the risk assumed regarding defective work. This understanding will create a critical eye for the contractor that will help mitigate risk. To begin, the contractor must recognize what a defect is and the different categories that a defect may be classified as; the various categories will provide opportunities for the contractor to have future claims barred after acceptance. The two main classifications for defective work are known as: patent defects and latent defects. According to the Steven H. Gifis, the author of Law Dictionary, a patent defect is a ââ¬Å"defect that could be recognized upon reasonably careful inspection or through the use of ordinary diligence and care. â⬠To assist in avoiding claims against the contractor due to patent defects, a contractor will create a punch-list, which list will include specific items that need to be checked; and if needed, corrected, prior to the sale of the project. Usually the contractor will walk through the project with the owner to identify any corrections needed. We will write a custom essay sample on Latent Defect specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Latent Defect specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Latent Defect specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Upon acceptance of the work by the owner, which can be manifest by payment or taking possession of the project (i. e. substantial completion), any future patent defect claims cannot be brought against the contractor. The defect should have been recognized upon a reasonably careful inspection, completed by filling out the punch list. A prime example where a contractor and owner are protected by a future claim of defective work is found in the case, Inman v. Binghamton Housing Authority. It was six years after the completion of the Saratoga Terrace apartment complex when a child ell off the back porch stoop and received severe injuries. The parents of the child claimed that the contractor and owner were responsible due to their negligence in constructing the stoop without a protective railing. The court referenced back to the Campo v. Schofield case, which states, ââ¬Å"We have not yet reached the state where a manufacturer is under the duty of making a machine accident proof or foolp roof. â⬠The court also noted that the complex had been used without accident for six years and that it did not conceal any dangers or defective work that would not have been found by a reasonable inspection. The outcome of the case proved that the pleading did not contain any allegation of a defect, and that the liability rested upon the parents of the child. Consequently, the phrase Caveat Emptor (Buyer Beware) protects the contractor from future claims as long as the defective work existed at the time of inspection and could have reasonably been identified. Nevertheless, a contractor must also understand that if the defective work is classified as a latent defect, the risk and liability associated with this defect may be transferred back to the contractor. Therefore, a contractor must understand what a latent defect is and how risk might be lessened. The Law Dictionary defines a latent defect as a ââ¬Å"flaw that is discovered after delivery; usually, latent defects are inherent weaknesses which normally are not detected by examination or routine tests, but which are present at the time of manufacture or are aggravated by use. â⬠(2003) Consequently, this flaw may not be found until the structure or member fails, which rapidly increases the liability of the project. The most identifiers for these failures are unsatisfactory material, workmanship, or design; all of these produce results that do not comply with the contract requirements. In reference to the three common identifiers mentioned above, the most difficult to resolve is the case where the material is defective ââ¬â who is responsible ââ¬â the owner, architect, manufacturer, or contractor? The variety of materials is so vast and the testing so limited, that the various personnel mentioned above try to cut costs without assuming the liability. In the case, Wood-Hopkins Contracting Co. v. Masonry Contractors Inc. , Masonry Contractors Inc. ontracted to install and clean the masonry for an apartment complex in Atlanta, Georgia. Upon substantial completion, water was found leaking into the apartment due to the recently constructed masonry wall. Wood-Hopkins immediately accused Masonry Contractors Inc. for the defective work and requested that they waterproof the entire structure (a c ost of $12,255. 00). Masonry Contractors Inc. recognized that the leak came from the wall constructed by their crew, but affirmed that the contract had specifically called out the means and method of installation and material to be used, and that the material was defective, not their work. In the end, the material was found to be defective, which defect caused a failure in the bond. Thus, if the contractor follows the specifications of the owner, which specifications are found in the contract documents, the contractor is able to transfer the liability back to the owner and proceed with minimal risk. In regards to minimizing the risk associated with latent defects, a contractor should obtain the greatest amount of training to increase his workmanship, and then follow the specifications of the contract. If any questions arise during construction, he should consult the owner and designer so that liability and risk will be transferred. . In the case, Southwest Welding v. The United States, the contractor, Southwest Welding, contracted with the government to build several sections of penstock. Upon completion of each section, the governmentââ¬â¢s Contracting Officer would approve the section and installation of the section would commence and final payment would be made. The contract clearly stated that welds would be radiographically examined and that the Contracting Officer was the only person authorized to accept the work. After installing 15 sections of penstock, the Contracting Officer requested a different test be performed on the welds, which test required that the contractor remove and replace 348,000 inches of welding, equaling an additional cost of $543,343. 76. The Contractor sent letters of clarification, stating that the work previously performed met the contracted requirements and that the work requested would be additional work and would require extra compensation. After traveling the courts, the appellate court sided with the contractor due to the communication which clearly identified the requested work as extra work, because the contractor met the requirements of the contract. In conclusion, a contractor has the opportunity to take the precautions and steps necessary to bar future patent defect claims by creating a punch-list and walking through the project with the owner. The ownerââ¬â¢s power of acceptance enforces the contractual phrase Caveat Emptor. Nevertheless, if the defects are considered to be a latent efect, the owner can still trace liability back to the owner. Because of this, the contractor must provide excellent workmanship and follow the specific language of the contract documents. By so doing, the responsibility and liability of the project flows back to the owner who initially took the risk to live, to learn, and invest in his project. Works Cited Buscalglia, Leo f. (2009). ThinkExist. com. Retrieved 11 25, 2009, from ht tp://thinkexist. com/quotation/the_person_who_risks_nothing-does_nothing-has/148405. html Inman v Binghamton Housing Authority, 3 N. Y. d 137 (Court of Appeals of New York July 3, 1957). Campo v. Schofield, 301 N. Y. 468, 95 N. E. 2d 802 Inman v. Binghamton Housing Authority, 3 N. Y. 2d 137; 143 N. E. 2d 895 Latent Defect. (2003). In The Law Dictionary. Retrieved December 2nd, 2009 from http://www. answers. com/topic/latent-defect Patent Defect. (2003). In The Law Dictionary. Retrieved December 2nd, 2009 from http://www. answers. com/topic/latent-defect Southwest Welsidng Manufacturing Company v. The United States, 188 Ct. Cl. 925 Wood-Hopkins Contracting Co v. Masonry Contractors Inc. , 235 So. 2d 548
Saturday, March 21, 2020
The Bride Price essays
The Bride Price essays This book was a story about a Nigerian family and the tradition of the bride price. Part of the story takes place in Lagos where Aku-nna, the protagonist, grew up. After her father dies she is forced to move to Ibuza to live with her father's brother in a whole different culture from her own. Her mother, Ma-Blackie married her husband's brother, Okonkwo, making him Aku-nna's step-father This entitled him to her bride price, which was expected to be exorbitant amount. Okonkwo needed this bride price to gain his Eze title. Unfortunately for him, Aku-nna fell in love with, Chike, the school teacher. But, because he was a son of a slave the Ibos wouldn't give their approval of a marriage. It is an Ibo tradition superstition that if a woman is married without the bride price being paid that she will die with the birth of her first child. Aku-nna and Chike ran away from a man that Aku-nna was forced to marry, and they got married. When Chike's father tried to pay a large bride pric e to Okonkwo he would not accept, wishing death upon his stepdaughter. In the end Aku-nna was pregnant and she died in childbirth. This book taught me more about African culture. I think that the bride price and the superstition behind it are interesting concepts. The idea that you can die because a certain amount is not paid to your father is a little absurd. This book basically ended up being a folk tale about the bride price, because at the end the author says that because she died, it was thought that this superstition was true and now the Ibos believe it as fact. The end of the book reminded of Farewell to Arms. The way in which Aku-nna died, the scene with rain, it was very closely related to the scene in which Catherine dies. Yet the baby lives in The Bride Price and the father can live on with a happy memory of his wife. It seemed like after all the obstacles that the characters face and once they are finally hap ...
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